Mitochondrial Poly(A) Polymerase

Alternative Names

  • MTPAP
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OMIM Number

613669

NCBI Gene ID

55149

Uniprot ID

Q9NVV4

Length

64,648 bases

No. of Exons

9

No. of isoforms

2

Protein Name

Poly(A) RNA polymerase, mitochondrial

Molecular Mass

66172 Da

Amino Acid Count

582

Genomic Location

chr10:30,309,801-30,374,448

Gene Map Locus
10p11.23

Description

The MTPAP gene encodes an enzyme belonging to the DNA polymerase type-B-like family.  The polymerase is responsible for the processes of mRNA polyadenylation, and synthesis of 3’ homopolymeric poly(A) extensions on mitochondrial mRNA transcripts.  In vitro studies have found that knockdown of the MTPAP gene leads to extreme shortening of the poly(A) tails on mitochondrial mRNAs.  MTPAP is also involved in the replication-dependent histone mRNA catabolic process.

The gene is associated with Spastic Ataxia 4, Autosomal Recessive (SPAX4), a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive cerebellar ataxia, spastic paraparesis, dysarthria, and optic atrophy. 

Molecular Genetics

The MTPAP gene is located on the short arm of chromosome 10.  It spans a length of 64 kb of DNA and its coding sequence is contained in nine exons.  The protein product encoded by this gene has a molecular mass of 66 kDa and consists of 582 amino acids.  An additional isoform of the MTPAP protein exists due to alternative splicing and contains 712 amino acids.  The gene is found to be overexpressed in the lungs, breast, testes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells.  Homozygous mutations in the MTPAP gene are associated with spastic ataxia 4.  So far, a 1432A-G transition in exon 9 of MTPAP, resulting in a N478D substitution, has been linked to the disorder.  

Epidemiology in the Arab World

View Map
Variant NameCountryGenomic LocationClinvar Clinical SignificanceCTGA Clinical Significance Condition(s)HGVS ExpressionsdbSNPClinvar
NM_018109.3:c.1468G>TUnited Arab EmiratesNC_000010.11:g.30313890C>AUncertain SignificanceLikely Pathogenic, PathogenicSpastic Ataxia 4, Autosomal RecessiveNG_028096.1:g.40449G>T; NM_018109.3:c.1468G>T; NP_060579.3:p.Val490Leu1057518710374341
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