Spondylocostal Dysostosis, Autosomal Recessive, 1

Alternative Names

  • SCDO1
  • Vertebral Anomalies
  • Jarcho-Levin Syndrome
  • Spondylothoracic Dysplasia
  • Costovertebral Dysplasia
  • Spondylothoracic Dysostosis

Associated Genes

Delta-Like 3
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WHO-ICD-10 version:2010

Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities

Congenital malformations and deformations of the musculoskeletal system

OMIM Number

277300

Mode of Inheritance

Autosomal recessive

Gene Map Locus

19q13.2

Description

Autosomal recessive spondylocostal dysostosis type 1 is a member of the heterogeneous group of disorders termed the spondylocostal dysostoses that is characterized by multiple vertebral segmentation defects and rib anomalies. Radiologically, the disease is characterized by vertebral malformations including hemivetebra, block vertebra, fused vertebra and spina bifida and deformities of the ribs that include absent ribs and bifid or fused ribs, which give the typical "crab like", or "fan like" appearance. Homozygous variants in the DLL3  gene have been associated with this disorder.

Epidemiology in the Arab World

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Subject IDCountrySexFamily HistoryParental ConsanguinityHPO TermsVariantZygosityMode of InheritanceReferenceRemarks
277300.1.1PalestineMaleNoYes Abnormal form of the vertebral bodies; ...NM_016941.4:c.594_598GCGGT[3]HomozygousAutosomal, RecessiveTurnpenny et al. 1999; Bulman et al, 2000 1 healthy sister who...
277300.1.3PalestineFemaleNoYes Abnormal form of the vertebral bodies; ...NM_016941.4:c.594_598GCGGT[3]HomozygousAutosomal, RecessiveTurnpenny et al. 1999; Turnpenny et al, 2003; Bulman et al, 2000 Sibling of 277300.1....
277300.1.4PalestineMaleNoYes Abnormal form of the vertebral bodies; ...NM_016941.4:c.594_598GCGGT[3]HomozygousAutosomal, RecessiveTurnpenny et al. 1999; Bulman et al, 2000 Sibling of 277300.1....
277300.1.6PalestineMaleNoYes Abnormal form of the vertebral bodies; ...NM_016941.4:c.594_598GCGGT[3]HomozygousAutosomal, RecessiveTurnpenny et al. 1999; Bulman et al, 2000 Fourth cousins once ...
277300.1.9PalestineFemaleNoYes Abnormal form of the vertebral bodies; ...NM_016941.4:c.594_598GCGGT[3]HomozygousAutosomal, RecessiveTurnpenny et al. 1999; Bulman et al, 2000 Fourth cousins once ...
277300.1.12PalestineMaleNoYes Abnormal form of the vertebral bodies; ...NM_016941.4:c.594_598GCGGT[3]HomozygousAutosomal, RecessiveTurnpenny et al. 1999; Turnpenny et al, 2003; Bulman et al, 2000 Nephew of 277300.1.1...
277300.2.1Palestine Abnormal form of the vertebral bodies; ...NM_016941.3:c.926G>AHomozygousAutosomal, RecessiveTurnpenny et al, 2003; Sparrow et al, 2002 No details of the fa...
277300.3Saudi ArabiaFemaleYes Short stature; Scoliosis; Short neck; Sk...NM_016941.4:c.329delHomozygousAutosomal, RecessiveMaddirevula et al. 2018
277300.4.1Saudi ArabiaFemaleYesYes Neonatal respiratory distress; Kyphoscol...NM_016941.4:c.1136G>AHomozygousAutosomal, RecessiveMaddirevula et al. 2018
277300.4.2Saudi ArabiaFemaleYesYes Neonatal respiratory distress; Kyphoscol...NM_016941.4:c.1136G>AHomozygousAutosomal, RecessiveMaddirevula et al. 2018 Relative of 277300.4...
277300.5ArabFemaleNo Scoliosis; Pectus carinatum; Short neck;...NM_016941.4:c.599_603dupHomozygousAutosomal, RecessiveMaddirevula et al. 2018
277300.G.1Lebanon Abnormal form of the vertebral bodies; ...NM_016941.3:c.614_615ins13HomozygousAutosomal, RecessiveTurnpenny et al, 2003

Other Reports

Egypt

Shehata et al. (2000) described a patient with spondylothoracic dysplasia (Jarcho-Levin syndrome) with diaphragmatic eventration. Shehata et al. (2000) pointed out that the subgroup of spondylothoracic dysplasia with diaphragmatic defect is a more severe subgroup of the syndrome rather than the other forms of this syndrome.

Palestine

Kimonis and Fathalla (1988) described a male infant born to first cousin parents with Jarcho Levin syndrome. On examination, he had a shortened neck and trunk and a deformed chest. X-rays showed multiple congenital deformities of the entire spine. At follow-up at 7 weeks the child was feeding well in spite of moderately severe tachypnea.

[Kimonis V, Fathalla M. Jarcho Levin syndrome (spondylothoracic dysplasia).  Emirates Med J. 1988; 6:91-3.]

Turnpenny et al. (1991) examined seven members of a large inbred Arab kindred with autosomal recessive spondylocostal dysostosis. The subjects were three adults, one adolescent, and three children under 3 years of age. One child was the offspring of a first cousin marriage which showed quasi-dominant inheritance. Six subjects had short stature owing to widespread vertebral dyssegmentation with variable reduction in rib number and rib fusion. One subject was of normal stature, had limited vertebral dyssegmentation, an extra rib, and no rib fusion. Five subjects showed the plagiocephaly-torticollis sequence. Four of the five male subjects had inguinal herniation on one or both sides. All subjects had normal renal ultrasonography. The youngest subject died of cardiopulmonary complications and is thought to represent one extreme in the expressivity of the gene.

Eliyahu et al. (1997) prospectively and repeatedly examined nine women from one Arab family with Jarcho-Levin syndrome by ultrasound examination of the fetus to evaluate the possibility of early diagnosis. Out of eight pregnancies, four fetuses were diagnosed as being affected by the disease as early as 12 gestational weeks. Three elected to terminate the pregnancy before viability and one was born at term. There were no misdiagnoses.

Turnpenny et al. (1999) performed genome wide scanning by homozygosity mapping in a large consanguineous Arab family in which there were 6 definite cases of autosomal recessive spondylocostal dysostosis. Significant linkage was found to 19q13, with a lod score of 6.9. This was confirmed in a second Pakistani family with 3 affected members, with a lod score of 2.4. The combined haplotype data identified a critical region between D19S570 and D19S908, an interval of 8.5 cM on 19q13.1-q13.3.

Tunisia

Marrakchi et al. (1996) reported six cases of Jarcho-Levin syndrome in Tunisia. No further details could be obtained.

[Marrakchi Z, Siala Gaigi S, Chabchoub A, Khrouf N. [Jarcho-Levin syndrome: report of 6 cases] Tunis Med. 1996; 74(6-7):305-8.]

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