Clarin 1, encoded by the CLRN1 gene, is a protein consisting of multiple helical transmembrane domains, a cytosolic N-terminal and a C-terminal endoplasmic-reticulum membrane retention signal (TKGH). While the exact molecular function of clarin 1 is yet to be fully characterized, it is believed to play a role in actin filament organization, auditory receptor cell stereocilium organization, equilibrioception, photoreceptor cell maintenance and cell motility.
The gene has been implicated in Usher Syndrome, type IIIA (USH3A), a disorder characterized by a combination of progressive sensorineural hearing loss and decreasing visual acuity. It has also been associated with non-syndromic Retinitis Pigmentosa 61, an ocular disorder of progressive retinal degeneration resulting in the gradual loss of peripheral vision.