Martsolf syndrome is a rare genetic disorder that is characterized by the association of severe mental retardation, cataract, and hypogonadism. Other anomalies presented in some patients with Martsolf syndrome include short stature, "old looking" face, mottled retina, minor digital abnormalities, microcephaly, narrow hands and feet, hypertelorism, cardiomyopathy, and cardiac failure. This condition is more prevalent among Jewish than other ethnic groups.
Martsolf syndrome is found to be familial. In three reported families, the parents of the affected sibs were consanguineous, which indicates an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance. Some families have shown mutations in the RAB3 GTPase activating protein subunit 2 (non-catalytic) [RAB3GAP2] gene, which is thought to have an important role in neurodevelopment.