KRAS Proto-Oncogene, GTPase

Alternative Names

KRAS
V-Ki-Ras2 Kirsten Rat Sarcoma Viral Oncogene Homolog
Oncogene KRAS2
KRAS2
Kirsten Murine Sarcoma Virus 2
RASK2
C-KRAS

Length

46,148 bases

No. of Exons

No. of isoforms

Protein Name

GTPase KRas

Molecular Mass

21656 Da

Amino Acid Count

189

Genomic Location

chr12:25,204,789-25,250,936

Gene Map Locus

12p12.1

Description

KRAS encodes a protein named GTPase KRas, which belongs to the small GTPase superfamily of proteins. GTPase KRas has intrinsic GTPase activity and it regulates signaling pathways that control cell differentiation, cell proliferation, and cell death.

Defects in KRAS cause different types of cancers, including acute myelogenous leukemia, juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia, colorectal carcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma, pylocytic astrocytoma, mucinous adenoma, and ductal carcinoma. Additionally, mutations in KRAS are associated with oculoectodermal syndrome and Noonan syndrome 3.

Epidemiology in the Arab World

View Map

Variant Name	Country	Genomic Location	Clinvar Clinical Significance	CTGA Clinical Significance	Condition(s)	HGVS Expressions	dbSNP	Clinvar
NM_004985.5:c.458A>T	Saudi Arabia	NC_000012.12:g.25209904T>A	Pathogenic	Pathogenic	Noonan Syndrome 3	NG_007524.2:g.46100A>T; NM_004985.5:c.458A>T; NP_004976.2:p.Asp153Val	104894360	12587
NM_033360.4:c.34G>A	Lebanon	chr12:25245351	Pathogenic	Pathogenic	Lung Cancer	NG_007524.1:g.10570G>A; NM_033360.4:c.34G>A; NP_203524.1:p.Gly12Ser	121913530	12584
NM_033360.4:c.34G>T	Lebanon	chr12:25245351	Likely Pathogenic, Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic, Pathogenic	Lung Cancer	NG_007524.1:g.10570G>T; NM_033360.4:c.34G>T; NP_203524.1:p.Gly12Cys	121913530	12578
NM_033360.4:c.35G>A	Lebanon	chr12:25245350	Likely Pathogenic, Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic, Pathogenic	Lung Cancer	NG_007524.1:g.10571G>A; NM_033360.4:c.35G>A; NP_203524.1:p.Gly12Asp	121913529	12582
NM_033360.4:c.35G>C	Lebanon	chr12:25245350	Likely Pathogenic, Pathogenic	Pathogenic	Lung Cancer	NG_007524.1:g.10571G>C; NM_033360.4:c.35G>C; NP_203524.1:p.Gly12Ala	121913529	45122
NM_033360.4:c.35G>T	Lebanon	chr12:25245350	Likely Pathogenic, Pathogenic	Pathogenic	Lung Cancer	NG_007524.1:g.10571G>T; NM_033360.4:c.35G>T; NP_203524.1:p.Gly12Val	121913529	12583
NM_033360.4:c.37G>T	Lebanon	chr12:25245348	Pathogenic	Pathogenic	Lung Cancer	NG_007524.1:g.10573G>T; NM_033360.4:c.37G>T; NP_203524.1:p.Gly13Cys	121913535	45123
NM_033360.4:c.38G>A	Lebanon	chr12:25245347	Likely Pathogenic, Pathogenic	Pathogenic	Lung Cancer	NG_007524.1:g.10574G>A; NM_033360.4:c.38G>A; NP_203524.1:p.Gly13Asp	112445441	12580

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Other Reports

Arab

Al-Shamsi et al. 2021 delineated the somatic mutational spectrum and frequency in Arab women with breast cancer. 78 women mostly with stage 3 or 4 breast cancer exhibited mutations and mutation rates in the following genes: TP53, 23.1%; ATM, 2.6%; IDH1, 2.6%; IDH2, 3.8%; PTEN, 7.7%; PIK3CA, 15.4%; APC, 7.7%; NPM1, 2.5%; MPL, 1.3%; JAK2, 2.5%; KIT, 7.7%; KRAS, 3.8%; and NRAS, 3.8%

External Links

https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/gene/kras/ https://www.genecards.org/cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=KRAS

Contributors

Sami Bizzari: 23.02.2022
Asha Deepthi: 01.07.2020

Edit History

Sami Bizzari: 23.02.2022
Asha Deepthi: 01.07.2020

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