The BBS5 gene is located on chromosome 2q31.1 and encodes Bardet-Biedl syndrome 5 protein. Studies in non-human eukaryotes suggested that this protein is localized in ciliated cells and is required for the formation of cilia (ciliogenesis). Mutations in BBS5 gene cause Bardet-Biedl syndrome 5, which is characterized by retinal dystrophy, obesity, polydactyly, renal abnormalities and learning disabilities.